Irã : Lula consegue acordo nuclear, mas...

A diplomacia brasileira fez o grande trabalho de conseguir do governo iraniano concessões sobre o processamento do material nuclear para o seu programa energético. Foram 18 horas de negociações onde houve avanços e o primeiro-ministro da Turquia, que tinha cancelado a viagem anteriormente desacreditando em avanços, teve que correr para Teerã para consolidar os entendimentos.

Brasil e Turquia são membros não-permanentes do Conselho de Segurança da ONU, e conseguiram com o Irã um acordo pelo qual o material nuclear de baixo enriquecimento seria mandado para a Turquia para ser processado e retornar como combustível nuclear, afastando o risco de ser enriquecido aos níveis de reação nuclear necessários à fabricação de armamentos.

O acordo conseguido (vide declaração conjunta abaixo) segue as linhas do proposto pela ONU em 2009 e rejeitado pelo Irã, submete o Irã ao Tratado de Não Proliferação de Armas Nucleares, mas deixa brechas para a desconfiança das grandes potências, pois prevê acertos posteriores com o Conselho de Segurança da ONU e a Agência Internacional de Energia Nuclear para a liberação de 120 kg de urânio para o reator de pesquisas de Teerã, onde seria enriquecido a níveis maiores a título de abastecer equipamentos hospitalares de radiação.

Os Estados Unidos e Israel provavelmente manterão suas posições contrárias à negociação com o Irã, mesmo com a proposta de submissão do país às resoluções da ONU. Lula certamente será acusado por alguns de agente iraniano, a serviço do terrorismo mundial, etc, e não como interessado em desarmar a verdadeira bomba que é a ameaça de uma guerra de proporções inimagináveis a partir de um ataque militar ao Irã com base na presunção de possuir armas de destruição em massa, como foi o mote para invadir o Iraque. No Oriente Médio, até agora, só quem tem armamento nuclear é Israel, cujo governo é insano o suficiente para fazer um ataque unilateral ao Irã acima de tudo e de todos, sem olhar para as consequências.

Integra da declaração conjunta firmada pelo Irã, Brasil e Turquia agora há pouco em Teerã, obtido da agência oficial iraniana Irna , que não tive tempo para traduzir:

Joint declaration by Iran, Turkey and Brazil

Tehran, May 17, IRNA – Iran, Turkey and Brazil on Monday signed a joint declaration after endorsing a fuel swap deal.

Full text of the joint declaration is as follows:

“Having met in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, the undersigned have agreed on the following Declaration:

“1. We reaffirm our commitment to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and in accordance with the related articles of the NPT, recall the right of all State Parties, including the Islamic Republic of Iran, to develop research, production and use of nuclear energy (as well as nuclear fuel cycle including enrichment activities) for peaceful purposes without discrimination.

“2. We express our strong conviction that we have the opportunity now to begin a forward looking process that will create a positive, constructive, non-confrontational atmosphere leading to an era of interaction and cooperation.

“3. We believe that the nuclear fuel exchange is instrumental in initiating cooperation in different areas, especially with regard to peaceful nuclear cooperation including nuclear power plant and research reactors construction.

“4. Based on this point the nuclear fuel exchange is a starting pint to begin cooperation and a positive constructive move forward among nations. Such a move should end to positive interaction and cooperation in the field of peaceful nuclear activities replacing and avoiding all kinds of confrontation through refraining from measures, actions and rhetorical statements that would jeopardize Iran’s rights and obligations under the NPT.

“5. Based on the above, in order to facilitate the nuclear cooperation mentioned above, the Islamic Republic of Iran agrees to deposit 1200 kg LEU in Turkey. While in Turkey this LEU will continue to be the property of Iran. Iran and the IAEA may station observers to monitor the safekeeping of the LEU in Turkey.

“6. Iran will notify the IAEA in writing through official channels of its agreement with the above within seven days following the date of this declaration. Upon the positive response of the Vienna Group (US, Russia, France and the IAEA) further details of the exchange will be elaborated through a written agreement and proper arrangement between Iran and the Vienna Group that specifically committed themselves to deliver 120 kg of fuel needed for the Tehran Research Reactor (TRR).

“7. When the Vienna Group declares its commitment to this provision, then both parties would commit themselves to the implementation of the agreement mentioned in its six. Islamic Republic of Iran expressed its readiness – in accordance with the agreement – to deposit its LEU (1200 KG) within one month.

“8. In case the provisions of the this Declaration are not respected Turkey, upon the request of Iran, will return swiftly and unconditionally Iran’s LEU to Iran.

“9. Turkey and Brazil welcomed the continuous readiness of the Islamic Republic of Iran to pursue its talks with the 5+1 countries in any place including Turkey and Brazil, on the common concerns based on collected commitments according to the common points of their proposals.

“10. Turkey and Brazil appreciated Iran’s commitment to the NPT and its constructive role in pursuing the realization of nuclear rights of its member states. The Islamic Republic of Iran, likewise appreciated the constructive efforts of the friendly countries, Turkey and Brazil, in creating the conductive environment for realization of Iran’s nuclear rights.”

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End News / IRNA / News Code 1120627